Historical Roots : The Kadamba Dynasty and Saptakoteshwar
Saptakoteshwar Mandir
A Historical and Architectural Marvel of Goa
Introduction :
The Saptakoteshwar Temple, situated in the serene village of Narve, Goa, is a resplendent testament to the rich cultural heritage of the region. It is renowned as one of the six great Shiva temples in the Konkan area, holding an aura of historical significance and architectural beauty. This research article delves into the temple’s fascinating history, the royal legacy of the Kadamba dynasty, its resilience through challenging times, and the architectural elements that make it an archaeological gem.
Historical Roots : The Kadamba Dynasty and Saptakoteshwar
Saptakoteshwar, an embodiment of Lord Shiva, held a prominent place in the hearts of the Kadamba dynasty’s rulers around the twelfth century. This sacred temple was constructed by the king as a tribute to his devout wife, Kamaldevi, who was a fervent devotee of Lord Saptakoteshwar. The kings of the Kadamba dynasty proudly bore the title “Shree Saptakotisha Ladbha Varaveera,” signifying their deep reverence for this deity.
Historical inscriptions on gold coins discovered at various locations, such as Chandor, Goa, Gopikapatna, and more, reveal the phrase “Saptakotishvaralabdha – Varaprasada,” which translates to “with the grace of Lord Saptakotishwara.” These coins, often referred to as Saptakotisha-Gadyanakas, provide clear evidence of the Kadamba dynasty’s devotion to this deity.
Challenging Times and Resilience :
In 1352, the Bahmani Sultan Allauddin Hasan Gangu conquered the Kadamba kingdom, leading to a tumultuous period in Goa’s history. Many temples, including the Saptakoteshwar Temple, suffered destruction, and the sacred linga was unearthed by the Sultan’s troops.
However, in 1367, the army of Vijayanagar King Harihararaya triumphed over the Bahmani Sultan’s forces, restoring the majority of the temples in Goa, including Saptakoteshwar. Historical records document the temple’s reconstruction, led by Madhava Mantri, toward the end of the 14th century.
The Portuguese Era and Revival :
The arrival of the Portuguese in Goa in 1560 brought further challenges to the Saptakoteshwar Temple, leading to its demolition and the construction of a chapel dedicated to Nossa Senhora De Candelaria in its place. The sacred linga, once again, faced desecration as it was used as a well shaft.
Rescue came when some devoted Hindus managed to save the idol and secretly transport it across the river to Bicholim. Here, in 1668, the Maratha Chatrapati Shivaji Maharaj oversaw the installation of the sacred linga in a new temple. The construction of this new shrine was executed under the guidance of Shri Shivaram Desai, president of the sansthan, and received the blessings of Chatrapati Shivaji Maharaj.
Architectural Splendor :
The Saptakoteshwar Temple is an architectural marvel, featuring a unique blend of Hindu and European styles. Its shallow Hindu kalash dome, mounted on an octagonal drum, leads to sloping tiled roofs. The European-style Mandapa, or assembly hall, and the tall lamp tower, Deepastamba, further enrich the temple’s architectural appeal. It is situated in an area of archaeological significance, surrounded by Brahminical laterite and stone caves.
Juxtaposed with the temple, the remnants of a Jain Math still bear witness to the historical and cultural amalgamation that defines Goa’s heritage. Additionally, carved stone walls with niches behind the temple suggest the existence of an ancient Agrashala. A man-made tunnel-like structure in close proximity is another enigmatic feature of this temple complex.
Deities and Sacred Elements :
At the temple site, a shrine dedicated to Kalbhairav is positioned to the right of the Deepastamba. Additionally, outside the shrine, one can find the padukas of Dattatraya carved in stone. Adjacent to the Deepastamba, two massive laterite pillar-like structures, deeply embedded, hint at the possibility of being stone henges. Behind the temple, carved stone walls with niches might have served as an ancient Agrashala. A sacred tank, known as Panchaganga Tirtha, located near the temple, provides devotees with the means for ablutions on Lord Shiva’s birthday.
Conclusion :
The Saptakoteshwar Temple in Narve, Goa, is not merely a place of worship but a living testament to Goa’s historical and architectural legacy. Its foundation in the royal devotion of the Kadamba dynasty, resilience through challenging times, and unique architectural elements showcase the temple’s cultural and historical significance. As it continues to stand, it beckons visitors and devotees to explore its rich history, and to experience the enduring spirit of Goa’s diverse heritage.
Editor – Kaalchakra Team
[ Note – Before Concluding anything as a Finale, Please Go through Original Scriptures of Vaidik Literature Written in Sanskrit and Also with Meaning of That time of Language. Because English is a Limited language to Explaining the Deeper Knowledge of Vaidik Kaal. ]